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Randolph Square
Randolph Square was the name given in jest to Square No. 15 of the original L'Enfant Plan for Washington, DC, after Andrew Ellicott had replaced Pierre Charles L'Enfant as architect of the city, and the square was removed from the City's plan. The Randolph Square Matter was used as a euphemism for the dust up which eventually led George Washington to fire L'Enfant, and turn the design project over to Ellicott. The square would have been located near the current Shaw Library between 7th and 9th streets NW and R and S streets NW.
==History==
After the Revolutionary War, George Washington involved himself personally in the building of a federal capital on the Potomac River, spanning the Maryland border with Virginia. After L'Enfant had served under Washington in the Revolutionary Army, Washington had hired the young architect to perform various services in New York, including converting the old city hall into Federal Hall, then the seat of Congress. In 1791, Washington appointed L'Enfant to design the layout of the new capital city, and Andrew Ellicott, another revolutionary veteran, to survey the existing land on which the city would be built. Also heavily involved in the planning of the capital city was Thomas Jefferson, who's image for the future capital was egalitarian and simple, even understated. It was the tension between Jefferson's simplistic model for the city and L'Enfant's ostentatious image of a grand capital city, as well as Jefferson's preference for Mr. Ellicott, which would lead to the downfall of L'Enfant, and Square No. 15.
Over the course of 1791-1792, L'Enfant created his plan for the city, full of symbolic design elements and sweeping vistas. Jefferson, though his humble image for the city's design contrasted strongly with the grand vision of L'Enfant, successfully coordinated the project and facilitated communication between L'Enfant, Ellicott, and Washington. But as L'Enfant began to run into road blocks related to cost and just how grand he intended the new city to become, he began to lose control of the project. Washington attempted to intervene on L'Enfant's behalf, but eventually the tide had turned too far against the French architect. The final straw occurred when L'Enfant invoked the power of eminent domain to demolish the partially constructed mansion of Daniel Carroll, a wealthy landholder from an even wealthier family, when the home protruded seven feet into the roadway at New Jersey Avenue SE. After that, and several other missteps, Jefferson approached Ellicott privately and entreated him to improve upon L'Enfant's plan for the city, and submit what would be called the Ellicott Plan to President Washington for approval. L'Enfant was effectively removed from the project and would spend the rest of his life living off of friends, his grand vision unrealized and uncredited.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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